Anuradhapura
Anuradhapura, a city in Sri Lanka, holds great historical and cultural significance. It was the capital in the past and played a vital role in Buddhist civilization. Nowadays, it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a popular tourist spot.Anuradhapura is famous for its well-preserved ruins, showcasing the architectural brilliance of ancient Sri Lanka. The city has many dagobas (stupas), monastic complexes, palaces, and other structures dating back to the third century BC.
A notable landmark in Anuradhapura is the Sri Maha Bodhi tree, believed to be the world’s oldest recorded tree. It is considered sacred as Lord Buddha attained enlightenment under it, attracting Buddhist pilgrims worldwide.The city is also home to the Ruwanwelisaya, a massive stupa displaying the grandeur of ancient Sri Lankan architecture. Jetavanaramaya, another significant stupa, was once among the tallest structures globally. The Abhayagiri Monastery, known for its impressive brick buildings and intricate carvings, was a renowned Buddhist learning center.
Visitors can explore the archaeological sites of Anuradhapura by foot, bicycle, or tuk-tuk. The extensive ruins cover a vast area, allowing travelers to delve into the rich history and architectural marvels of the ancient kingdom.Besides its historical sites, Anuradhapura offers a peaceful atmosphere surrounded by lush greenery and serene lakes, providing a picturesque setting for exploration and relaxation.
The city also hosts vibrant cultural festivals, like Poson Poya, which commemorates the introduction of Buddhism to Sri Lanka. During this festival, the ancient city comes alive with religious rituals, processions, and joyful celebrations.
Anuradhapura Ancient Ruins
Ruwanwelisaya Stupa
This enormous stupa stands as one of the most iconic landmarks in Anuradhapura. Built by King Dutugemunu in the 2nd century BC, it is a sacred Buddhist site and a symbol of national pride. The stupa reaches a height of approximately 90 meters and is adorned with intricate stone carvings.
Abhayagiri Dagoba
Jethawanaramaya
Constructed during the reign of King Mahasena in the 3rd century AD, Jetavanaramaya is another prominent stupa in Anuradhapura. It was once the tallest brick structure in the world, standing at an impressive 122 meters. Although now in ruins, its sheer size and architectural grandeur are awe-inspiring.
Thuparamaya
Considered to be the oldest dagoba in Sri Lanka, Thuparamaya dates back to the 3rd century BC. It enshrines the right collarbone relic of Lord Buddha and is a revered pilgrimage site for Buddhists. The dagoba features a unique architectural design and intricate stone carvings.
Isurumuniya Temple
This ancient temple, located near the Tissa Wewa reservoir, showcases stunning rock carvings. The most famous carving is the “Isurumuniya Lovers,” depicting a couple in a loving embrace. The temple complex also includes a beautiful pagoda and a serene meditation hall.
Lovamahapaya
Built by King Dutugemunu in the 2nd century BC, the Lovamahapaya was a colossal nine-story building that served as a monastic complex. Although now in ruins, its original structure had over a thousand rooms and housed thousands of monks.
Moonstone Carvings
Scattered throughout Anuradhapura, moonstone carvings can be found at the entrances of various ancient structures. These semi-circular stone slabs depict intricate patterns and mythical creatures, representing the skill and artistry of ancient craftsmen.
Samadhi Buddha Statue
This serene and iconic Buddha statue, dating back to the 4th century AD, represents the state of deep meditation. It is revered as a symbol of enlightenment and is a popular pilgrimage site for Buddhists.